Post-Conviction Relief for Immigrants
- §5.1 I. Introduction: 3 Requirements for Successful Post-Conviction Relief
- §5.2 A. Practical Requirements
- §5.3 1. Matching the Vehicle to the Immigration Effect
- §5.4 2. Matching the Vehicle to the Ground of Legal Invalidity
- §5.5 3. Choosing a Vehicle that Works
- §5.6 4. Timing of Post-Conviction Relief
- §5.7 B. General Considerations
- §5.8 1. Developing a Strategy
- §5.9 2. Obtaining the Relief: General Procedure
- §5.10 3. 10sion Between Strength of Ground and Equities
- §5.11 4. Adverse Criminal Consequences of Setting Aside Conviction
- §5.12 5. Vacating a Conviction Will Not Avoid Conduct-Based Immigration Consequences
- §5.13 6. Ex Post Facto Laws and Obtaining the Benefit of Changes in the Law
- §5.14 II. Federal Vehicles for Vacating a Conviction
- §5.15 A. Motion to Withdraw Plea
- §5.16 1. Procedural Requirements
- §5.17 2. Grounds
- §5.18 3. Immigration Consequences
- §5.19 B. Direct Appeal
- §5.20 1. Procedural Requirements
- §5.21 2. Filing a Late Notice of Appeal
- §5.22 3. Attacking a Waiver of Appeal
- §5.23 4. Immigration Consequences
- §5.24 a. Effect of Reversal of Conviction
- §5.25 b. Finality Of Decision
- §5.26 5. Negotiating a Better Result On Appeal
- §5.27 C. Habeas Corpus
- §5.28 1. General Requirements
- §5.29 2. Federal Habeas Corpus
- §5.30 3. The Petition Must Be Timely Filed
- §5.31 a. Federal Habeas Corpus and the AEDPA Statute of Limitations
- §5.32 i. The Starting Date
- §5.33 ii. Statutory Tolling
- §5.34 iii. Equitable Tolling
- §5.35 4. The Requirement Of Custody
- §5.36 a. Registration Requirements as Custody
- §5.37 b. Immigration Custody
- §5.38 c. Mootness
- §5.39 5. Procedure
- §5.40 6. Immigration Consequences
- §5.41 D. Coram Nobis
- §5.42 1. Procedure
- §5.43 2. Grounds
- §5.44 3. Immigration Consequences
- §5.45 E. Audita Querela
- §5.46 F. All Writs Act
- §5.47 III. State Vehicles for Vacating a Conviction
- §5.48 A. Motion to Withdraw Plea
- §5.49 1. Motions Prior to Judgment
- §5.50 a. Procedure
- §5.51 b. Grounds
- §5.52 c. Immigration Consequences
- §5.53 2. Motions After Judgment
- §5.54 a. Procedure
- §5.55 b. Grounds
- §5.56 c. Immigration Consequences
- §5.57 B. Motion to Vacate for Violation of State Advisal Statute
- §5.58 1. Procedure
- §5.59 2. Grounds
- §5.60 3. Immigration Consequences
- §5.61 C. Nonstatutory Motion to Vacate
- §5.62 1. Nature of the Motion
- §5.63 2. Procedure
- §5.64 3. Immigration Consequences
- §5.65 D. Direct Appeal
- §5.66 1. Procedural Requirements
- §5.67 2. Filing a Late Notice of Appeal
- §5.68 3. Attacking a Waiver of Appeal
- §5.69 4. Immigration Consequences
- §5.70 a. Effect of Reversal of Conviction
- §5.71 b. Finality Of Decision
- §5.72 E. Habeas Corpus and Post-Conviction Relief Petitions
- §5.73 1. General Requirements for Issuance
- §5.74 2. Timeliness
- §5.75 3. The Requirement of Custody
- §5.76 4. Procedure
- §5.77 5. Immigration Consequences
- §5.78 F. Coram Nobis
- §5.79 1. Procedure
- §5.80 2. Grounds
- §5.81 3. Immigration Consequences
- §5.82 G. Audita Querela
§ 5.61 C. Nonstatutory Motion to Vacate
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Under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to present constitutional issues by means of a motion to vacate, rather than by habeas corpus or coram nobis. For example, if it is necessary to obtain a ruling within a month, instead of six months or so, a motion can be used. If it is not possible to construct a successful argument that the defendant is “in custody” as a result of the conviction at issue, then the court may have no jurisdiction over a habeas petition, and it would be necessary to seek relief by filing a nonstatutory motion to vacate the conviction on constitutional grounds.
