Criminal Defense of Immigrants

(B)  Advice to the Client.  Counsel must advise the client of the normal criminal (or direct penal) consequences of the disposition, see § 8.44, infra, as well as the possible immigration consequences required in many jurisdictions by statute.  See § 8.45, infra.  In addition, however, counsel must go further than advising the client of the possible immigration consequences: counsel must investigate the federal immigration law, or consult immigration counsel on the question, and advise the client not merely what might happen, but of the exact immigration consequences of the disposition and the probability of occurrence of each.  See § 8.46, infra.  See also § 3.22, supra.