Criminal Defense of Immigrants

Chapter

§12.1 I. Introduction
§12.2 II. Noncitizens in Juvenile Proceedings
§12.3 A. Defense Strategy
§12.4 B. Avoiding Damaging Admissions
§12.5 C. Immigration Detention
§12.6 D. Citizenship
§12.7 E. Special Immigrant Juvenile Status
§12.8 F. Finding of Juvenile Delinquency
§12.9 G. Sentence
§12.10 III. Noncitizen Minors in Adult and Youthful Offender Proceedings
§12.11 A. Conviction
§12.12 1. General Rule
§12.13 2. Eligibility for FJDA Transfer
§12.14 B. Foreign Adult Court Convictions of Minors
§12.15 C. Adult Court Jurisdiction Over Minor
§12.16 D. Post-Conviction Relief
§12.17 E. Sentence - Type of Institution
§12.18 F. Transfer from Juvenile to Adult Court under FJDA Not Possible for Conspiracy
§12.19 G. Transfer from Adult to Juvenile Court
§12.20 IV. Immigration Consequences of Juvenile Court Actions
§12.21 A. Conviction - Juvenile Court Adjudication Not a Conviction
§12.22 B. Discretionary Factor
§12.23 C. Deportability
§12.24 1. Conduct-Based Grounds
§12.25 2. False Claim to U.S. Citizenship
§12.26 3. Domestic Violence TRO Violation
§12.27 4. Other Grounds
§12.28 D. Inadmissibility
§12.29 1. Conduct-Based Grounds
§12.30 2. Controlled Substances: Admission by Minor Ineffective
§12.31 3. Crime of Moral Turpitude
§12.32 a. Admission by Minor Ineffective
§12.33 b. Youthful Offender Exception
§12.34 4. Reason to Believe Illicit Trafficker
§12.35 5. Visa Fraud
§12.36 6. Other Grounds
§12.37 E. Relief
§12.38 V. Resources

§ 12.6 (A)

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(A) In General. Since U.S. citizens may not be deported, or subjected to other adverse immigration consequences, it is essential to determine whether each client is a United States citizen. See § § 3.13, et seq., supra. This is not as simple as it seems, since many persons may be U.S. citizens without being aware of it.