Criminal Defense of Immigrants

Chapter

§4.1 I. Introduction
§4.2 II. Right to an Interpreter in Criminal Proceedings
§4.3 A. In General
§4.4 B. Importance of Accurate Interpretation
§4.5 III. Nature of Language Interpretation
§4.6 A. Types of Oral Interpretation
§4.7 B. Written Translation
§4.8 C. Functions of an Interpreter
§4.9 1. Defense Interpreter
§4.10 2. Proceedings Interpreter
§4.11 3. Witness Interpreter
§4.12 4. Separate Interpreters
§4.13 IV. Counsel's Role
§4.14 A. Counsel's Duty to Obtain an Interpreter
§4.15 1. In General
§4.16 2. Assessing the Need for an Intepreter
§4.17 3. Finding an Interpreter
§4.18 4. Selecting an Interpreter
§4.19 B. Qualifications of Interpreter
§4.20 1. Language and Dialect
§4.21 2. Competence and Certification
§4.22 3. Literacy
§4.23 4. Bias and Conflict of Interest
§4.24 C. Preparation of Interpreter
§4.25 D. Supervision of Interpreter
§4.26 E. Making a Record
§4.27 1. Factual Record
§4.28 2. Duty to Object
§4.29 V. Interpreter's Role
§4.30 A. Single Role
§4.31 B. Ethics
§4.32 C. Interpreter as Witness
§4.33 1. Attorney-Client Privilege
§4.34 2. Preventing Testimony Against Client
§4.35 VI. Court's Role
§4.36 A. Right to Interpreter
§4.37 B. Duty to Provide Interpreter
§4.38 C. Qualifying Interpreter in Court
§4.39 D. Violations of Right to Interpreter
§4.40 VII. Appellate Proceedings
§4.41 A. Standard of Review on Appeal
§4.42 B. Providing an Interpreter on Appeal

§ 4.28 (C)

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(C) Bias or Competence of Interpreter. Counsel can object to the bias of an interpreter, and ask the court to find an unbiased interpreter. See § 4.23, supra.