OVERVIEW - APPEAL & MOTION TO REOPEN
Sharashidze v. Mukasey, 542 F.3d 1177 (7th Cir. Sept. 8, 2008) (pending circuit court appeal does not toll 90-day time limit for filing motion to reopen with Board of Immigration Appeals).
AGGRAVATED FELONY - STATUTORY RAPE
United States v. Ayala, 542 F.3d 494 (5th Cir. Sept. 8, 2008) (Texas conviction for indecency with a child in violation of Texas Penal Code 21.11(a)(1), is sexual abuse of a minor, even though the statute punishes sex with a person that is one day shy of 18 years old), following United States v. Zavala-Sustaita, 214 F.3d 601, 604 (5th Cir.2000).
AGGRAVATED FELONY - SEXUAL ABUSE OF A MINOR - STATUTORY RAPE
United States v. Ayala, 542 F.3d 494 (5th Cir. Sept. 8, 2008) (Texas conviction for indecency with a child in violation of Texas Penal Code 21.11(a)(1), is sexual abuse of a minor, even though the statute punishes sex with a person that is one day shy of 18 years old), following United States v. Zavala-Sustaita, 214 F.3d 601, 604 (5th Cir.2000).
RELIEF - LPR CANCELLATION OF REMOVAL - CONTINUOUS RESIDENCE
Bakarian v. Mukasey, 541 F.3d 775 (7th Cir. Sept. 4, 2008) (noncitizen with 1996 conviction could not show 7 years continuous residence for LPR cancellation where he had been admitted in 1987 as a visitor, and traveled between the U.S. and Russia numerous times before his admission as an LPR in 1990; residence period did not start in 1987, given noncitizens numerous and length trips to Russia before his LPR admission in 1990).
JUDICIAL REVIEW - PRESERVING ISSUES ON APPEAL
Bakarian v. Mukasey, 541 F.3d 775 (7th Cir. Sept. 4, 2008) (noncitizen not excused from preserving retroactivity issue for appeal by raising it before the BIA; it was not futile to bring issue before the BIA where U.S. Supreme Court case provided new means to argue against older BIA precedent decision).
DEFERENCE - CHEVRON DEFERENCE ACCORDED TO REASONABLE BIA INTERPRETATION OF IMMIGRATION STATUTE, BUT DE NOVO REVIEW OF BIA INTERPRETATION OF STATE OR FEDERAL CRIMINAL LAW
Gertsenshteyn v. Mukasey, 544 F.3d 137 (2d Cir. Sept. 25, 2008) ("When the BIA has adopted the IJ's reasoning and offered additional commentary, we review the decision of the IJ as supplemented by the BIA. Wala, 511 F.3d at 105. Additionally, when our jurisdiction depends on the definition of a phrase used in the INA, and "when the intent of Congress is unclear and the agency's interpretation is reasonable," we accord the BIA's determination the deference mandated by the Supreme Court's decision in Chevron. Mugalli, 258 F.3d at 55 (internal quotation marks omitted).
CATEGORICAL AND MODIFIED CATEGORICAL APPROACH - SECOND CIRCUIT RULE
Gertsenshteyn v. Mukasey, 544 F.3d 137 (2d Cir. Sept. 25, 2008) ("We have adopted a "categorical approach" to deciding whether a crime of conviction fits within the definition of "aggravated felony" in 1101(a)(43), thereby rendering an alien removable under 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii). Santos v. Gonzales, 436 F.3d 323, 325 (2d Cir.2006) (per curiam). Under this approach, which is sometimes called the Taylor-Shepard approach, after Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575 (1990), and Shepard v. United States, 544 U.S.
AGGRAVATED FELONY - CRIME OF VIOLENCE - NEGLIGENT VEHICULAR MANSLAUGHTER DOES NOT CONSTITUTE "MANSLAUGHTER" WITHIN GUIDELINES
United States v. Gomez-Leon, 545 F.3d 777 (9th Cir. Sept. 24, 2008) (California conviction for vehicular manslaughter while intoxicated without gross negligence, in violation of Penal Code 192(c)(3) (1998), was not "crime of violence" for purposes of sentence enhancement under U.S.S.G. 2L1.2(b)(1)(A) for illegal reentry following conviction for qualifying felony, because the elements require only proof of ordinary negligence, so cannot fall within the contemporary meaning of manslaughter as enumerated in U.S.S.G. 2L1.2 cmt. 1(B)(iii)).
AGGRAVATED FELONY - CRIME OF VIOLENCE - AGGRAVATED FELONY VS. SENTENCING CONTEXT
United States v. Gomez-Leon, 545 F.3d 777 (9th Cir. Sept. 24, 2008). This case has a detailed discussion of the differences between the different statutes and methods of defining "crime of violence."
AGGRAVATED FELONY - DRUG TRAFFICKING - OFFERING TO SELL IS DRUG TRAFFICKING AS ATTEMPTED SALE - ILLEGAL RE-ENTRY CONTEXT
United States v. Gomez-Leon, 545 F.3d 777 (9th Cir. Sept. 24, 2008) (California conviction for sale or offering to sell a controlled substance, under Health & Safety Code 11379(a), constituted "drug trafficking crime" for guidelines purposes: "According to the written plea agreement, Gomez pled guilty to Count Two of the written complaint, which alleged that he "did unlawfully sell, furnish, administer, give away, or offer to sell, furnish, administer, and give away ...