United States v. Espinoza-Morales, 621 F.3d 1141, 1150 (9th Cir. Sept. 10, 2010) ("Even though the state charged Espinoza in the conjunctive-with accomplishing the penetration by means of force, violence duress, menace and fear-this charge could have supported a conviction based on duress alone."), citing In re Bushman, 463 P.2d 727, 732 (Ca. 1970).

jurisdiction: 
Ninth Circuit

 

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