Matter of Carachuri-Rosendo, 24 I. & N. Dec. 382, 389 (BIA Dec. 13, 2007) (en banc) ("facts leading to recidivist felony punishment, such as the existence of a prior conviction, do not qualify as "elements" in the traditional sense. Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 228-35 (1998).").

jurisdiction: 
BIA

 

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