Choeum v. INS, 129 F.3d 29 (1st Cir. Nov.
5, 1997) (New York conviction of kidnapping was crime of violence
under 18 U.S.C. § 16(a), since it had force as an element,
and therefore constituted an "aggravated felony "
under INA § 101(a)(43)(F), 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(43)(F) for immigration
purposes).