Fernandez-Ruiz v. Gonzales, 468 F.3d 1159 (9th Cir. Nov. 15, 2006) ("Whether a state statutory crime necessarily involves moral turpitude is a question of law that we review de novo."), citing Carty v. Ashcroft, 395 F.3d 1081, 1083 (9th Cir. 2005).