De La Cruz v. Maurer, 483 F.3d 1013 (10th Cir. April 3, 2007) (claims involving interpretation of treaties constitute questions of law over which court has petition for review jurisdiction: "Congress's treaty power is given similar weight to its legislative power."); O Centro Espirita Beneficente Uniao do Vegetal v. Ashcroft, 389 F.3d 973, 988, 1009 n.5 (10th Cir. 2004) ("an Act of Congress ... is on a full parity with a treaty."); cf. Valentine v. United States, 299 U.S. 5, 10 (1936) ("The Constitution declares a treaty to be the law of the land. It is consequently ... to be regarded in courts of justice as equivalent to an act of the legislature, whenever it operates of itself without the aid of any legislative provision." (internal quotes omitted)); Quang Ly Tran v. Gonzales, 447 F.3d 937, 943 (6th Cir. 2006) (reviewing legal issues involving the U .N. Convention Against Torture (CAT) under the 8 U.S.C. 1252(a)(2)(D) grant); Akram Qassim Hamid v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 642, 647 (7th Cir. 2005) (courts of appeals may review constitutional and legal questions "relevant to a petitioner's claim for relief under CAT"); Kamara v. Att'y Gen. of the United States, 420 F.3d 202, 211 (3d Cir. 2005) (finding jurisdiction over "pure questions of law" and the "issues of application of law to fact" in a CAT claim).