United States v. Karaouni, 379 F.3d 1139 (9th Cir. Aug. 24, 2004) (checking box on immigration form which has statement next printed next to it saying that the person is a U.S. citizen or national could not form basis for prosecution under 18 U.S.C. 911 because that provision only penalizes claiming to be a citizen; "the district court violated a basic principle of criminal law by allowing the government to prove that an individual committed the charged offense by showing that he committed either that offense or some other act.").
jurisdiction:
Ninth Circuit