People v. Chance, 44 Cal.4th 1164, 189 P.3d 971 (Aug. 18, 2008) (California assault is defined as, "an unlawful attempt, coupled with a present ability, to commit a violent injury on the person of another;" the term "present ability" includes situations where the "defendant is several steps away from actually inflicting injury, or if the victim is in a protected position so that injury would not be immediate, in the strictest sense of that term;" the term "injury" includes "any attempt to apply physical force to the victim, and includes even injury to the victim's feelings.").

jurisdiction: 
Lower Courts of Ninth Circuit

 

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