Capsule updates to CMT book

NATURE OF OFFENSE - RECORD OF CONVICTION - NONCITIZEN'S CONCESSION IN IMMIGRATION COURT DOES NOT CONSTITUTE PART OF RECORD OF CONVICTION

Mandujano-Real v. Mukasey, 526 F.3d 585 (9th Cir. May 22, 2008) ("The Government does not argue, nor could it, that the IJ's reliance on Mandujano-Real's concession would suffice as a basis for removal if the BIA or the court were to determine that his conviction does not, as a matter of law, constitute an aggravated felony."), following Garcia-Lopez v. Ashcroft, 334 F.3d 840, 844 n.4 (9th Cir. 2003) (explaining that an alien's "belief about the nature of his offense is irrelevant to the purely legal question of how the offense was categorized....

jurisdiction: 
Ninth Circuit

JUDICIAL REVIEW - PETITION FOR REVIEW - CHEVRON DEFERENCE - NO DEFERENCE TO BIA INTERPRETATION OF STATE CRIMINAL STATUTE

Mandujano-Real v. Mukasey, 526 F.3d 585 (9th Cir. May 22, 2008) ("The only question before us is, therefore, whether as a matter of law Mandujano-Real's identity theft conviction constitutes an aggravated felony theft offense. The answer to this question lies in the interpretation of an Oregon criminal statute: this is a matter that is not committed to the BIA's expertise. Accordingly, we owe no deference to the BIA's resolution of this question on appeal."), citing Fernandez-Ruiz v. Gonzales, 466 F.3d 1121, 1133 (9th Cir.

jurisdiction: 
Ninth Circuit

JUDICIAL REVIEW - PETITION FOR REVIEW - COURT OF APPEALS MAY CONSIDER CLAIM OF ERROR IN DENIAL OF CONTINUANCE EVEN ABSENT CONSTITUTIONAL CLAIM

Sandoval-Luna v. Mukasey, 526 F.3d 1243 (9th Cir. May 22, 2008) (circuit court has jurisdiction to review an IJ's decision to deny petitioner's motion for a continuance for abuse of discretion, due process and equal protection violations).

jurisdiction: 
Ninth Circuit

STATUTORY INTERPRETATION - CONGRESS IS PRESUMED TO APPROVE OF THE PRE-EXISTING STATE OF THE RELEVANT LAW AT THE TIME IT LEGISLATES, IF THE LEGISLATION DOES NOT ALTER IT

Matter of Velazquez-Herrera, 24 I. & N. Dec. 503, ___ (BIA May 20, 2008) ("Furthermore, when Congress enacted section 350(a) of the IIRIRA in 1996, different variations of the "categorical" approach had been applied in immigration proceedings for more than 80 years, and we must presume that Congress was familiar with that fact when it made deportability under section 237(a)(2)(E)(i) depend on a "conviction." Lorillard v. Pons, 434 U.S. 575, 580-81 (1978). Had Congress wished to predicate deportability on an alien's actual conduct, it would have been a simple enough matter to have done so.

jurisdiction: 
BIA

CONVICTION - FINALITY - IIRAIRA STATUTORY DEFINITION OF CONVICTION DID NOT ALTER THE PRE-EXISTING FINALITY REQUIREMENT

Cf. Matter of Velazquez-Herrera, 24 I. & N. Dec. 503, ___ (BIA May 20, 2008) ("Furthermore, when Congress enacted section 350(a) of the IIRIRA in 1996, different variations of the "categorical" approach had been applied in immigration proceedings for more than 80 years, and we must presume that Congress was familiar with that fact when it made deportability under section 237(a)(2)(E)(i) depend on a "conviction." Lorillard v. Pons, 434 U.S. 575, 580-81 (1978). Had Congress wished to predicate deportability on an alien's actual conduct, it would have been a simple enough matter to have done so.

jurisdiction: 
BIA

JUDICIAL REVIEW - PETITION FOR REVIEW - RES JUDICATA DOES NOT BAR DHS FROM RELITIGATING NTA ALLEGING REMOVAL GROUNDS

Channer v. DHS Secretary, 527 F.3d 275 (2d Cir. May 30, 2008) (res judicata does not bar DHS from relitigating removal based on a claim which could have been raised in his previous removal proceeding where second removal proceeding did not involve the same claim or nucleus of operative fact as the first).

jurisdiction: 
Second Circuit

NATURE OF OFFENSE - STATE LABEL IRRELEVANT

United States v. Chavarria-Brito, 526 F.3d 1184 (8th Cir. May 29, 2008) ("The mere fact that a state labels a crime as forgery does not control whether his crime is actually related to forgery [under federal law]."), citing Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 590-591, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990).

jurisdiction: 
Eighth Circuit

RELIEF - SUSPENSION OF DEPORTATION - CONTINUOUS PRESENCE REQUIREMENT - STOP-TIME RULE - RETROACTIVE APPLICATION DID NOT VIOLATE DUE PROCESS

Arca-Pineda v. Att'y Gen., 527 F.3d 101 (3d Cir. May 28, 2008) (retroactive application of the stop-time rule did not violate due process).

jurisdiction: 
Third Circuit

RELIEF - CONTINUOUS PRESENCE REQUIREMENT - STOP-TIME RULE - EQUITABLE ESTOPPEL CLAIM REJECTED

Arca-Pineda v. Att'y Gen., 527 F.3d 101 (3d Cir. May 28, 2008) (respondent cannot re-start clock by failing to appear for removal proceeding and then waiting an additional 10 years).

jurisdiction: 
Third Circuit

RELIEF - SUSPENSION OF DEPORTATION - STOP-TIME RULE

Arca-Pineda v. Att'y Gen., 527 F.3d 101 (3d Cir. May 28, 2008) (continuous physical presence clock did not begin to run again after an administrative closure; administrative closure is not a termination proceedings; it only removes the case from the IJs calendar).

jurisdiction: 
Third Circuit

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